The Young and Elder Consumers of SONY in United Kingdom Essay

The Young and Elder Consumers of SONY in United Kingdom - Essay Example at there will be an â€Å"increased intergenerational heterogeneity in total spending† – i.e., the effect of pension reforms will tend to change the intergenerational distribution of income, shifting stronger expenditure to the elderly in countries which provide more thorough coverage of retirees’ social benefits than other countries. (1) A Sony product has been designed for old people and the disabled is the BRAVIA LCD television series for the European market, that incorporates standard features such as an audio description function providing the consumer a narrative soundtrack for the visually challenged and impaired, and digital video teletext for those who have loss of hearing function. (2) Sony’s Reader digital device, another product made available in the US, Canada and Europe, stores hundred of books in one unit, but allows readers who have difficulty with their vision to adjust the size of the text on the screen. (3) All Sony TVs also come with adjustable headphone sets that may be used simultaneously with the speakers to be able to enjoy the television program with their non-hearing impaired family and friends. 2. The competition environment, (you can choose three comany) to the older people, you find some resources on what new products these companies developed targeting at older people in recent years.(150-200 words) Teh, J 2009 â€Å"Make-in-Singapore Phone, iNO Mobile, for Elderly to Debut in PC Show,† TechieLobang 11 June 2009. Accessed 18 June 2011 from http://techielobang.com/blog/2009/06/11/make-in-singapore-phone-ino-mobile-for-elderly-to-debut-in-pc-show/ Foresight Technologies of Singapore, making iNO Mobile, for elderly and young children. The phone is described as simple, with the basic features and large number key pad, which will serve the uses of the elderly and young who are not tech savvy but need to get only the fundamental functions. Called the CPO9, the mobile has a candybar design and will sell for a very reasonable

Report on Toyota Plant Visit Essay Example for Free

Report on Toyota Plant Visit Essay Three aspects about TPS witnessed during the plant visit: 1. Just-in-time production system: this concept is used in TPS where they produce only based on the order received and their level of inventory is limited. Once the inventory is over the next batch of stock is replaced simultaneously they order for the next stock. Every 2.36 minutes 1 unit is produced. The process is very fast and much organised. They have skilled employees who are very well trained which improve their quality and production. They have limited number of suppliers who deliver the stock on time whenever the order is placed. There is no lead time involved in this process. 2. Jidoka: This is improving their quality in the production system by empowering their employees. Proper training and trust among the employees are very much present in the plant. The employees are also rewarded for providing ideas which encourages them to perform better. They are various inspections after each process whenever there is defect it is rectified immediately and only then sent to the next process. There is final inspection before test drive if there is any fault it is sent for fixing the error. Every process is in order in the assembly line where different models follow similar line of production. 3. Kanban: since they follow a fixed inventory system once the inventory is withdrawn for further production from the container simultaneously production begins to fill the inventory. While the order is being filled the quantity in the second bin is used. The reorder point is determined so that demand can be met while an order for new material is being processed.

Effects of War on Fuel Market Equilibrium

Effects of War on Fuel Market Equilibrium Fuel, oil or in some countries called gas is undeniable as important commodities and resources for many sectors in the world especially in transportation, providing energy and industries. Let take a look on fuel sales. The sale of world oil is USD 1,600 billion in the year 2008. Most countries without this natural resource will have to pay in order to get this resource and in the year 2000, Saudi Arabia is reported gained about USD 80 billion dollars as export income. This shows that the demand of this resource is becoming high and of course important as energy sources. Based on International Energy Agency (IEA) report on 2009, top three importers of oil are United States of America, Japan and China. Globally, fuel market demands are increasing every year. According to IEA on December 2010 report, global oil product is revised up from 130, 000 (Kb/d) barrels per day to 87.4 million barrels per day and it is expected 260 000 barrels per day to 88 million barrels per day in 2011. That was a huge increasing demand! What does demand means? Demand is determined as total amount of goods required and able to be purchased by consumers at various price levels in certain period. Besides that, demand also related with other variable which is quantity and price. In measuring demand quantity for oil and car market, we can predict that other variables also affecting consumption are remains. Nowadays, oil productions are dominated by Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) which led by Arab Saudi and the others are five of Middle East producers which produce 75% of global output. The world oil production chart is shows in figure 1 (b) as per below: As we know, crude oil plays important role in every sectors of world economic from heavy industries to agriculture sector. Once war outbreak in a country especially one of the main producers of oil in the world, then the impact will be spread out all over the world. Why? Oil prices will causes increasing in prices and directly infecting world economics too. As an example, Iraq invasion in Kuwait in 1990 has reduced the supply of oil as Kuwait contributed 2.5% of world oil production while Iraq contributed 5%. Therefore, this has cut off oil supplies for about 7.5%. Thus, we could calculate the percentage of oil production being cut off from country A! However, this will reduce the aggregate of oil supply and upward pressure on the price level and indirectly causing decline of total output. See? The impacts are interrelated with each other and thus affect the world economy. According to the law of demand, it says that when prices increases, demand quantity decreases and when price decreases, demand quantity increases. This is shown in figure 2: In the other hand, we can predict the effect on equilibrium quantity and prices when there are changes in demand or supply. Equilibrium is the term used in economics field which means a condition where all variables have reached established position with no tendency to change. Market equilibrium will maintain as no market forces which affecting demand and supply. Demand and supply are shifting to the left or to the right as a response to changes in determinant variables. In country A case, fuel supply disruptions happen and thus causing price increase and demanding falling decrease. This is due to economics law states that all factors all equal as the price of goods or services increase and the demand will decrease. This is shown in figure 3(a) as per below: As the fuel price increase from P1 to P2, quantity demanded for fuel will decrease. This relation are referred to Law of Demand where when price increases demand quantities will decreases and when price decreases, the demand quantity will increases. Therefore, consumers will reduce their demand for cars and this will result shifting supply curve to left. According to supply change, when supply decreases and the demand remain unchanged, the equilibrium price will increase and at the same time equilibrium quantity will decrease. Lets look what happen while Hurricane Katrina blows US in September 2005. The price was raised by sellers and in certain states such as Arkansas and Kentucky there are shortage of supplies. Shortage of supplies also called excess demand. Therefore, when the war broke out in country A, then we can predict that the same scenario will happen and the situation might be worst. This will results in rise in the equilibrium price of fuel. The demand of oil is inelastic as we couldnt replace or substitute oil as energy sources. Inelastic of demand here means that the price change ratio is bigger than ratio of quantity change. Therefore, price change will give more significant effect. Once the fuel or petrol affected due to war in country A, car market also will influence as they are classified as complementary goods. Complementary good means that goods which can be consumed together to get satisfaction. Therefore, the effects of war on car market are discussed as per below chapter. Effects of war on car market equilibrium What is the relationship between oil and car? Actually, we can say that if there is no oil, major problems will be faced by transportation sectors such as lorry, tanks, public vehicles, industries and also our daily transportation. In the year 2009, Malaysia faced shortage of diesel supply and what is the effect? There are lots of vehicles which used diesel stocked because of this. The same phenomena are predicted to be happening when country A involved in war. In wider view, there are about eight millions of vehicles all over the world which used fuel in the year 2000 and this number is greatly increased every year! So what are the impacts if the fuel price increased? Fuel consumers may choose to drive less, using alternative transportation such as commuter, looking for fuel resource substitution and they might choose electric based engines such as hybrid car. Therefore, there are close relationship between fuel price and car market as fuel and car are complementary on each other. By the way, what will happen if the price of fuel increasing whiles the price of car increase too caused by tax? We could imagine that there is lot of cars with various engine power offered with low prices! As the fuel price is higher need to be paid by consumers, the cost of petrol guzzling vehicle such as BMW and Mercedes Benz will increased. Thus, the demand of luxury cars will decline. As an alternative, consumers in the market will look for cost saving vehicles as solution. They might change to lower power vehicles in cubic centimeter (cc) such as PERODUA cars in the market and etc. as solution if the war happens for short term. This has been proved by a research which has been done by economist at Imperial College, London recommended that consumers will tends to look for more efficient energy cars, selecting and prioritize public transport for trips and minimize their travel distances. As a result, there will be lots of luxury used car offered in the market and demand curve will shift to left as shown in figure 5. In the other hand, what will happen if the war continues for long term? In this case, we can assume that production of new cars will be reduced or being stop at all until the situation recovered and thus, demand curve will decrease. This effect towards demand curve and supply curve is illustrated in figure 6: Tax imposition effects of the fuel market Tax is implemented by government who rules in a country towards sellers for each unit of goods being sold. Therefore, we as consumer had to pay higher cost to get those items we required. As an example, we are paying additional 1% which total out 6% of government tax for ASTRO services since February 2011. Tax which imposed by government means increase cost for sellers. Thus, the tax will shift the supply curve the left as in figure 7. From the figure, the price paid by consumers and price received by sellers are shown as the different at tax value of t. The amount of tax which collected by government is on area P1 P2 BC, while amount borne by consumer are on P0 P2 BE and the seller tax is on area P1 P0 EC. In most countries, the implementation on tax fuels is intended for transportation sector and it is function as one of revenue source. As the demand of car is elastic, it means that demand is responding to price change. In this case, the supplier or producer must borne or absorb the tax. When demand is elastic, the effect of tax implemented is raising the price as mentioned in figure 8. However, equilibrium quantity will decrease in this situation. At war situation, demand for fuel will drop and demand for substitutes will increase. Among substitution choices at this time is using alternative electric vehicles and focusing on public transportation such as train. In 2008, Malaysia is ranked at 26th place as world oil producers with 753,700 billion barrels per day (Malaysia is also one of OPEC member).  The number of production is small if compared to Arab Saudi which produces 10,250,000 billion barrels per day. Due to war impact even though we still have the resources, the fuel must be used with most efficient way as Malaysia just began to learn, implement and use other energy alternative such as coal in electric plant. Who will bear the taxes imposed on fuel? Taxes consist of direct and indirect tax. Then where does tax income goes to? Those incomes which collected by a government were used for development of country, public works, education, enforcement of law, health care and etc. Big issue arising on the tax imposed by government is who will bear the cost? Actually when the demand is inelastic, the producer or seller has the ability to pass most or all of indirect tax to consumer by raising the market price of car. What is mean by elasticity? Elasticity is defined as sensitivity measurement of a particular variable towards one of its determinant such as price. Therefore when demand of car market price is elastic, the producer cannot simply pass the tax to the consumer but they have to bear majority of the tax by themselves. Therefore, the tax borne by consumer and supplier is shown in figure 9 as below: Usually, suppliers will hand over the tax which borne by them in whatever goods or services to consumer. The different is whether the amount is small or big. Price elasticity of demand measures response of quantity demanded by consumer of a particular good towards change in the price of the good. What does indirect tax mean from figure 9 as above? Indirect tax is the tax which imposed by government to suppliers. Examples for these taxes are duties on alcohol, cigarettes and fuel. For certain reasons, government levied tax as a strategy to improve environment. In other words, tax is opposite of subsidies which given by government. Logically, consumers have to pay the tax for fuel as it is needed daily. Whether we move to a destination to another by our own car, taxi, buses, by flight or by sea, it all used fuel as energy. As country A still recovering from war, it means that world supplies for fuel will take times to gain stable again. In countries like Japan, China and Denmark, transformation has begun to develop electric vehicles. In Japan, their cab has used fully electric operational cab in Tokyo. Malaysia which also affected by high fuel prices should learn and start to develop electric vehicles too and should concentrate on transformation. As we know, the increasing price of fuel will directly influence the other daily goods such as milk, sugar, meat and etc. to rise too. Thus, consumers have to bear the effects in the other side. Therefore, it is unfair all burdens of taxes being bonded by consumers. Conclusions As fuel demands are increasing all over the world, alternative energy substitution of fuel are highly recommended. According to Bob Lutz from General Motors, when the price of oil rising and stay, it has negative effects to economy as oil is used in the production of virtually in everything, including steel, aluminum, plastics, rubber, fabrics, transportation, and food (Daniel Gross, 2008). Consumers may not hold the high prices for longer period of time. Implementation of tax must be review from time to time and should be studied on the impacts to consumer, market and economy. Too high taxes will burden consumers and of course the price of goods will rise too. Therefore, demand of goods will decrease! In order to implement the taxes, government in country A must consider many aspects before the tax is being implemented. This step actually will give impact for long term. Why? We have seen the effect of high fuel price towards car market. Nowadays, car is considered as must have or needed at least one unit in a family or a household. However, lots of car offered in the market is also beneficial to consumers as we can choose the type of car we like with the specifications we like. That was for short term effect. What will happen if the main producer of fuel continuously involved in crisis or the crisis took longer period to be calm and solve? The effect will be worsening and as could be as what had happen in 1970s where fuel supplies in West countries in that year were in critical situation. Political stabilities also play important roles in influencing fuel price especially in Middle East countries. We know the fact that Middle East countries are rich with oil resources. Latest crisis in Libya has almost cut off about 300,000 barrels of fuel production. According to Oil and Gas Journal (OGJ), Libya own total proven oil reserves of 46.4 billion barrels as January 2011 which is the largest in Africa. Thus, war situation or this type of crisis has put fuel supplies at risk. Traders and analysis is watching closely on strikes especially in countries such as Iran as continuous oil price spikes could cause inflation and infecting global economic growth. Latest news, Oil companies reported has shut off their plant as the country is still in chaos. What is become worsening is the other country which is also producing fuel, Oman also involve crisis. Thats frightened as the risk of oil production surely will stop. Words: 2,804

Sandy Skoglund Essay examples -- Essays Papers

Sandy Skoglund Sandy Skoglund has been in the forefront of contemporary art in the United States, as well as overseas, for nearly two decades. Her dramatic impact to the art world didn’t begin overnight. After sheer dedication to art education she received her BA degree in Studio Art in 1968 from Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts. Upon getting her BA, she pursued further education at the University of Iowa where she received her MD. With her remarkable educational background, Skoglund decided to expand her horizons by teaching. Her teaching career grew at a rapid pace and she found herself teaching at the University of Hartford from 1973 to 1976. In late 1976, she was offered a position at Rutgers University, New Jersey, and has been teaching there ever since. She has been giving her expertise in the form of photography and the art of installation and multi-media for fourteen years now, and she doesn’t plan on giving it up anytime soon. As Skoglund began to see that the sky was the limit, along with teaching, she decided to experiment with illustration and commercial images. The advancement in these areas had been a lifelong dream. Merely overnight, Skoglund’s career blossomed and her sole purpose in all of this was to make people see and feel her brilliant expression in a way that they could easily relate to. Over the years Ms. Skoglund has created an art that seems to bash modern day reality as we know it. Ms. Skoglund has had tremendous succ...

Recommendation for the Location for Maigue-Pascua’s RTW’s Expansion Essay

Introduction This document is to suggest the appropriate property to hold the expansion of Maigue-Pascua’s RTW. After their second bi-monthly meeting for this year, owners decided to pursue the building of a new branch to cater the needs of their growing number of customers. Other preparations, such as the budget allocation and manpower, are already taken care of except for the location. This recommendation report proposes several spots that would suffice the needs of the company. Background Maigue-Pascua’s RTW has been established since 2009 owned by Ms Jinky Maigue and Mr James Pascua. It offers fair-priced yet high-quality and trendsetting garments that’s suitable for their target demographic: students/teenagers. Due to the increasing demands for their products, the business partners opt to have a business expansion and to make a new image of being a top-line clothing store. Financial and marketing strategies are already made for this project but their main problem is the location. They currently have one branch, which is conveniently placed in the heart of the market. Now, they are looking for a place wherein they could offer the same convenience and is also low-priced. The partners also want to venture on broadening their market scope. Options/Proposals †¢ A stall on a mini-bazaar outside a high-end village. Located on its right side is another clothing shop and on the left are a few more vacant stalls. It costs P60000 per month. †¢ A P72000-worth of monthly rent for a stand between a bank and a drugstore near a public market. †¢ An establishment on lease for P61000 on an upscale shopping centre. It is placed near a coffee shop/bookstore and in front of the centre’s leisure park. †¢ A kiosk beside a food stall built on a public park. Its monthly rent is P50000. The expanses of all the proposed locations are all approved by the business partners. Criteria/Requirements The location should be customer-friendly, convenient, marketable, and reasonably-priced and should offer a wider market scope. Other matters, such as the expanse and the interior, were already taken into consideration on the first phase of planning. The aforementioned considerations should be followed in deciding for the location of the company’s expansion. Comparisons The points of comparisons are the following: ambience, competitions, price and demographics. Ambiance. The stall is favourable to the residents of the nearby village due to its close proximity but the atmosphere of the mini-bazaar is not fitting to the new image that the company wishes to build. The stand, on the other hand, is misplaced. The location is not suitable for an apparel store. Consequently, the air in the establishment portrays the exact change that the owners want for their business. And lastly, the kiosk sets a good mood for it is placed on a recreational area. Competitions. All of them don’t have a nearby shop that offers the same product except for the stall. Price. The prices of the four locations range from P50000-P72000. The kiosk is the cheapest and the stand is the most expensive. Demographics. The stand and the kiosk don’t meet the entity’s customer target because their locations are too public while the establishment and the stall are in line with their goal of widening their scope from the student/teenager to the upperclassmen. The latter are more likely to bring in the desired customer due to its location. Conclusion Based on the comparisons aforementioned, these conclusions were drawn: 1. The most suitable ambience is from the establishment on the shopping centre. 2. The monthly rent of the kiosk is the lowest. 3. The stall’s location is more likely to have competition. 4. The  establishment and the stall best suit the new target market of the entity. 5. The establishment gives off a good atmosphere, is reasonably-priced, has less competition and matches the new demographic of the entity. Recommendation Maigue-Pascua RTW should consider using the establishment on the shopping centre for several reasons. First, it is in sync with the new image that the entity wanted to build up. Second, it is relatively cheap for a store in a fancy centre. Third, it would help in bringing in a new demographic in the entity’s customer. Having a branch in a shopping centre is quite a huge risk but with the projected sales of the company and future influx of customers, the company will pick up in the long run.

The Future of Management

The Future of Management Numerous factors have and will continue to change the practice of management. Advancing technology, changing demographics including an aging workforce and vast diversity in the workforce, and globalization are just a few of the changes facing managers today. These factors will continue to change the ways in which managers manage. In this paper, I will talk about how globalization will change the future of management, and how it will affect new management concepts and trends.The world of today is not the world that existed years agonor will it be the same tomorrow. Globalization has brought enormous changes to the world of business and it has changed many aspects of the management world. Nayan Chanda (2002) an editor of YaleGlobal Online states that globalization is a trend that has intensified and accelerated in recent decades and come into full view with all its benefits and destructive power. Just as climate has shaped the environment over the millennia, the interaction among cultu res and societies over tens of thousands of years has resulted in the increasing integration of what is becoming the global human community.à º ¥Ã  º ²Ã  º §: à º Ã  º ²Ã  ºâ„¢Ã  ºË†Ã  º ±Ã  ºâ€Ã  º Ã  º ²Ã  ºâ„¢Ã  ºâ€¢Ã  »â€°Ã  º ­Ã  ºâ€¡...They both decide what needs to be done; they create networks or teams of people and relationships to complete projects or daily tasks while ensuring that employees accomplish these tasks. Leadership also has implementation process of aligning people to a desired vision as well as inspiring employees to follow that vision. Leadership does not provide consistency, but creates change through developing a vision of the organizational future as well as strategies to achieve that vision.Management oversees the work of their employees. In a successful management role, managers coach, nurture, and empower workers to use their skills and expertise to provide a positive outcome. Managers also inspire efficiency, productivity, and creativity by provid ing direction as well as their support. For example, managers focus on various training programs, such as communication skills, technology, knowledge, problem solving, mission, vision and values. Management performs the yearly...

The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern by Cadena Munoz

The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern by Cadena Munoz Brief Introduction The article â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† identifies the gap between Fire Safety Engineering and Performance-based Risk Analysis (PRA). Risk Analysis is â€Å"a powerful field that makes it easier for engineers to improve their dynamic systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† by Cadena Munoz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More That being the case, Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) should become a critical input in every Process Safety (PS). Although â€Å"a link exists between these engineering fields, the agreeable fact is that they require more applications in different structures† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). According to the authors, such fields will impro ve different Fire Protection Systems (FPSs). The article examines the importance of Risk Analysis in complex buildings and industrial facilities. Engineers should use performance-based and prescriptive approaches in order to prevent industrial fires. Statement of the Research Problem The article analyzes the effectiveness of different engineering processes. A Process Safety (PS) framework â€Å"consists of technical structures, guidelines, and tools that can manage the risks encountered in different organizational operations† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). The RA process makes it easier for engineers to understand the nature of different risks. According to Cadena and Munoz (2013, p. 3), â€Å"Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) offers advanced solutions that can deal with different Fire Safety Challenges (FSCs)†. The researchers therefore wanted to understand â€Å"how these functions can produce better Fire Protection Systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). The authors wanted to â€Å"understand the connection between FSE and PS and their applications in different fire systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). Description of the Research Procedures The researchers began their article by presenting the required literature review. This procedure identified â€Å"the major practices associated with fire protection in different industrial processes† (Oh, Jiang, Panganiban, 2013, p. 3). This knowledge made it easier for the scholars to identify the existing gap between PS and FSE. The scholars used a Correlation Approach (CA) for the study.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This approach made it easier for the researchers to understand the challenges affecting different Fire Protection Systems (FPSs). This knowledge encouraged the scholars to identify the existing gaps in different FPSs. The scholars â€Å"analyzed the imp ortance of Fire Safety Engineering and Process Safety† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). The researchers applied these concepts in different fire scenarios. The approach made it possible for the scholars to get the best findings. According to the researchers, many industries were not embracing the use of PS and FSE. The CA made it easier for the researchers to achieve their potentials. They also identified the practices that can improve the level of fire prevention in different industrial processes. Flaws in the Procedural Design The above procedural design presented a number of flaws. To begin with, the research method did not present a clear hypothesis. This weakness made it impossible for the researchers to predict their results. The researchers were unable to gather the best evidences during the study. The authors failed to support their arguments using meaningful data and ideas (Oh et al., 2013). The authors did not collect the best data thus affecting the validity of their st udy. A proper research design could have produced better results. Analysis of the Targeted Data The literature review made it easier for the researchers to analyze the issues affecting different companies. According to the article, many engineers were not taking PS and FSE seriously. The agreeable fact is that such engineering fields were critical and applicable in different organizations. The researchers identified the importance of these two engineering practices. The â€Å"joint application of FSE and PS can make it easier for engineers to understand the safety challenges encountered in different facilities† (Gagnon, 2007, p. 85). This approach can make it easier for analysts to examine various fire behaviors and dynamics (Gagnon, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† by Cadena Munoz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pa ge Learn More These two fields can therefore improve the practices undertaken by different industries. The gathered information encouraged the researchers to examine the effectiveness of these engineering fields. This knowledge addresses the problems affecting different organizations. Limited and Justifiable Conclusions The authors concluded their article by highlighting the significance of FSE and PS practices. Engineers â€Å"should use PS and FSE ideas in order to have a clear understanding of different fire safety problems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). This practice can also deal with high complexity problems such as industrial fires. This knowledge is admirable because â€Å"the link between PS and FSE is less common in different industries† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 5). Engineers should strengthen this link in order to achieve the best goals. According to Gagnon (2007, p. 109), new studies â€Å"will ensure every engineer identifies better improve ment opportunities in the field of fire protection†. The article also explains how FSE inputs might offer appropriate solutions to different RA processes. The authors encourage different scholars to invent new FSE ideas and concepts (Gagnon, 2007). Engineers should apply such ideas in different PS problems. This practice will deal with the challenges affecting many industrial processes. More studies and research designs are required in this field. Such studies will present the best ideas and strategies in order to support different industrial processes. Reference List Cadena, J., Munoz, F. (2013). The Link Between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 31(1), 1-6. Gagnon, R. (2007). Design of Special Hazard and Fire Alarm System. Cengage, KY: Cengage Learning.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Oh, J., Jiang, Z., Panganiban, H. (2013). Development of a Smart Residential Fire Protection System. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 1(1), 1-6.

Ethical Issues essays

Ethical Issues essays The phrase professional ethics is stated as a meaning of morality. Morality to the business world suggests how one should behave toward oneself and toward other individuals: whether to be friendly or unfriendly or whether to be generous or greedy. These, and other questions dealt with in a field of study are called Professional Ethics. This papers intent is to enlighten the publics perception of CPAs in today's society. It will cover all aspects of the field including: pitfalls that they may encounter and methods to prevent some of these negative behaviors and consequences that one will have to accept. If you have ever caught a glimpse at one of those articles stating who the people feel that is trust worthy, you would most likely see that politicians, lawyers, and used car salesmen are at the bottom of that list and certified public accountants would be dominate the top. This is because the CPA profession has what you could call a squeaky-clean image. CPAs are known and respected for their honesty. The accounting profession goes out of its way to project that image, and there is a certain amount of truth to it. All though accountants are looked very highly upon, not all accountants fit into that stereotype. Many of them are quite articulate. Not all CPAs are squeaky-clean and respected for their honesty. Some are quite dishonest and are putting a black mark on the image of the entire profession. In recent months a particular company made history regarding the biggest bankruptcy the US has ever seen. Unfortunate situations such as this one have put a black mark on the CPAs prestigious character. The analogy that states one bad apple can ruin the whole batch, well you could say that Enron is that one bad apple. The one area where the CPA profession has fallen short is protecting the public interest. The general duty that acc ...

Porfessional future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Porfessional future - Essay Example Brand management has always been important but I sincerely believe that globalisation has both expanded and intensified its importance. While my professional ambitions are centered on brand management, the truth is that wanting a particular career does not mean that one will be successful at that career. Professional success is only partially dependant upon interest and ambitions in and within a particular field and more so on understanding one's abilities, potentials, strengths, weaknesses and limitation and, importantly, selecting a career/profession which is correlated to the aforementioned. In other words, my later professional success is somewhat dependant upon my selecting a career in which my weaknesses and limitations will not function as an obstacle to success and where my strengths will be highlighted and my potential realized. Doing so is ultimately dependant on engagement in deep self-reflection, aiming towards the generation of a greater and more expanded self-awareness. This is precisely what this exercise aims to achieve by responding to a series of five questions, all of which contribute to the realization of the aforementioned. The first question I need to respond to is "where have I been" This question requires that I look back on my past to understand who I am and where I came from, thereby arriving at an understanding of the source of my current abilities, values, interests and beliefs. Starting from the beginning, I was brought up in Paraguay and Korea and, accordingly, am multilingual. While I am now studying marketing communications, I had completed two years of university in Paraguay where I studied English literature. As I reflect upon the stated, I find that they contain part of the answers to the questions earlier posed. Starting with the notion of values and beliefs, I find that while I have very strong beliefs and firm values, I always limit judgments to myself. I do not believe that I, or anyone else for that matter, has the right to judge another person or censure him/her for their beliefs or values. My reasoning is quite straightforward and simple. In brief, each person is a product of his/h er environment and the decisions he/she makes or the actions he/she takes are ultimately dependant on their environment and the circumstances which determined the decision or action in question. Therefore, from my perspective, rather than pass judgment, it is imperative that we make the effort to understand the rationale behind the decision which was made or the action that was taken. Upon critical reflection, I find that the aforementioned attitude is an outcome of my multicultural upbringing and my study of literature. Through exposure to different cultures, I learnt that values and beliefs were ultimately a product of culture and to pass judgment on them is to judge a culture, something which very few people, if any, are equipped to do. Added to that, through exposure to the thought processes and experiences of numerous characters through my reading of English literature, I learnt that the reasons why people undertook certain actions or made decisions were complicated and complex . The implication here is that rather than pass judgment, we need to understand where the other person is coming from and try to meet him/her on their terms in order to

WRITE A LETTER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WRITE A LETTER - Essay Example Firstly, there is the issue of equality in employment. In this case, there is the general feeling among the black that the concept of equality has been disregarded as far as job opportunities are concerned. In this case, the black are being given a lower deal in the allocation of public and private jobs. In the public sector, the percentage of portfolios held by the black is negligible. In this case, we feel that more needs to be done so as job opportunities can be shared equally among all Americans regardless of their race description. Nevertheless, our activists are organizing tactics of legal challenges, civil protests and other initiatives in their capacity to see to it that African-Americans received equal opportunity and protection in America. Secondly, we would like the government to address the issue of racial prejudice. We are witnessing cases where African-Americans are being treated like lesser persons by other Americans. In this case, we have witnessed cases where we are treated with bad attitude that has put some of us in legal jeopardy. In some case, the black have been mistreated after being suspected of committing various crimes. This has been perpetrated by the police and assisted by the natives. The incident has landed African-Americans in jails where others have paid hefty fines to secure their freedom. We urge the government to enact legislations that discourage mistreatment on the grounds of racial and ethnicity. However, we are also planning to stage a protest on the streets if that is the way the government will heed to our plea. We shall use demonstrations to express our dissatisfaction with the current laws that allow treatment of the black with contempt. Thirdly, we are not comfortable with various mistreatments that we have encountered when seeking government services in public places. In this case, our people have been kept waiting for long as the white are prioritized in

Defining Words for Worship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Defining Words for Worship - Essay Example Psalms 105 says that human beings should make known God’s deeds to the whole world. Praise refers to â€Å"giving thanks† in Psalm 1051. 2 Chronicles 30:22 is an example of how the word â€Å"praise has been used in the new testament. The Levites ate the peace offering sacrifices while offering praise to the lord at the sanctuary. Psalm 54:6 also shows how the word â€Å"praise† has been used, it says â€Å"willingly I will sacrifice to you; I will give thanks to your name, O LORD, for it is good†2. Psalms 96: 4 says that our father and our lord deserve ad seek our praise. â€Å"Yahweh is great and is worthy to be praised†. The lord also deserves worship from human beings. Psalm 29:2 says that human beings should bow down to God. In the current churches, praise and worship services are dedicated to the lord. The word â€Å"praise’ has been uttered by Leah, after giving birth to a child (Genesis 29). Leah was the first wife of Jacob and sist er of Rachel. The word praise is used to give thanks to God after mighty deeds have been encountered by human beings. Prayer should be used to praise the Lord, however, human beings only pray when they are in troubles. Prayer should be used to praise and worship the lord for the wonderful deeds he has done to human beings3. Serve Jesus used the word â€Å"serve’ to refer to the main purpose of His coming. ... According to Philippians 1; 3-27, Paul says that human beings should conduct their selves in a manner honorable to the teachings of Christ. Christians can serve god by conducting themselves in a holly manner. Sinful deeds by human beings are not considered as service to the Lord. Paul further says that a worthy walk in God’s light constitutes obedience to their partnership in the gospel4. According to Romans 12; 11, human beings are expected to serve the Lord without lacking Zeal. Spiritual favor should be maintained at all times while serving God. In addition, Deuteronomy 13; 4 says that human beings should only follow the Lord their God. It is only God that is worth being Served and revered. The keeping of God’s commandments and obeying his commands are the best ways to serve and hold fast to him. Further, Galatians 5; 13 says that human beings and their brothers were called to use their freedom in serving the lord. Human beings should not engage in sinful deeds but s erve one another in love5. Serving God and other human beings is captured in 1 Peter 4; 10. Every person should use the gift given to them from God to serve others as well as faithfully carrying out ministries. Gifts from God should be used in assisting other creatures who are in need of help, by doing this; human beings will be serving the Lord. Consequently, Joshua 22; 5 says that the laws that were given to the Israelites by Moses should be followed. Human beings should love the Lord their God, do what is right, follow the commandments, and to serve the Lord with all their heart and soul. Mark 10; 45 also shows how human beings should serve the lord. Mark says that Jesus Christ did not come to be served by human beings, but to offer services to

Quantitative Methods in Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management Research Paper

Quantitative Methods in Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management - Research Paper Example Following pattern based strategy, analyzing the current trends, forecast and other predictive models, it is absolutely necessary to ensure potentially significant changes and improvements are introduced in cargo transportation management. Appropriate decision making cycle is required today to meet tomorrow's market demands . The key drivers that will dominate the air cargo world in the years to come are its standards, security and seamless movement across borders. This study will highlight the initiatives driven by important governing bodies like IATA, TIACA, Cargo Committee, Cargo Executive Summit to achieve those very goals of optimization and superior standards of cargo management.Significant gains in productivity can be achieved through advanced and more efficient IT-support and improved software systems, as well as automated transportation and handling equipment. The primary objective of this study is to reflect a few challenges and to present new insights and successful solutio ns to operational problems of cargo systems and cargo management. It has to be a collective effort with focus on the state of the art, applications of quantitative methods, as well as simulation results backed by authorities like IATA, TIACA and others whose initiative are in the interest of the industry. Initiatives are mainly keeping the larger picture in mind, to accommodate globalization of logistics, process complexity, need for fore cast, cost control, operational performance, Air freight company objectives, industry landscape, enhanced technology to support optimization. 2. Overview - Air Cargo Facts from IATA: Air Cargo is a US$50 billion business that transports 35% of the value of goods traded internationally and a critical part of the airline business which, as a whole, is the US$490 billion heart of a value chain that supports 32 million jobs and US$3.5 trillion of economic activity. It is an important industry that is critical to global business. While IATA continues in its endeavour to improve Aviation industry's competitiveness by cutting airport charges, improving fuel efficiency and other initiatives, there is focussed approach as far as Cargo priorities are concerned. Their attempt to simplify the business is already delivering results. E-freight is a reality and their US$28 billion settlement system is the supply chain's financial backbone which will be discussed further in the below sections. Apart from E-freight, their priorities include Cargo Safety, Cargo Security, Cargo and Environment, CASS and agency programmes along with Cargo Standards. It is imperative, IATA's priorities in Cargo Management ideally is the basic outline based on which quantitative methods for Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management have to be developed and implemented. Before there is further detailing on quantitative methods, a quick glance at the key drivers of Cargo world and its potential impact on business are listed below: Reduce operating costs Maintain optimum levels of

Senator Lamar Alexander Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Senator Lamar Alexander - Essay Example Lamar Alexander later served as Education Secretary under President George Bush. He ran unsuccessfully for the Presidency in 1996 and 1999, losing out to the GOP candidate Robert Dole in 1996 and George W Bush in 1999. Senator Lamar Alexander has generally voted with the majority of his Republican colleagues. But one of the issues that the Senator has been deeply concerned with is education. He has consistently provided support in the Senate for scientific research funding. During his tenure as Governor of Tennessee, he helped the State to become one of the first to reward its teachers and pay them more for better performance, while also ending tenure for bad teachers. He also supported a bill put forward in the Senate to provide an additional 10.2 billion dollars for federal education and Health and Human Services projects but has rejected other bills to provide more resources to local educational agencies and to community centers. He has proposed that parents be encouraged to create Education Savings Accounts in order to support the education of their children. On this issue therefore, he follows the line adopted by his own Party, where the effort is to make the available funding more productive in terms of what it is able to achieve. Where abortion and the family is concerned, he follows the line advocated by his party and opposes abortion, but has diverged from his Party line in his support for research carried out using stem cells derived from embryos, as demonstrated by his support for the Bill no: H.R. 810. Another important bill where he voted differently from the Republican Party was the bill H.R. 976, in which the Senate passed an expansion of the State Children’s Health Insurance Program, which increased federal funding and provided health insurance for million uninsured American children.

Equity and Trust Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Equity and Trust - Case Study Example If the total amount owed is below 15000, then there is debt relief order (DRO) suitable for Steve and Anna, in case they do not own their own home. They can own car valued up to 1000, but not have other assets above 300. Their disposable income must also not exceed 50 a month (Bankruptcy). Steve owns a flat but he has transferred the freehold title of this flat to his son, Thomas' name. Nonetheless, in case the court sets aside this transfer, Steve will have to sell this flat to pay up his creditors (Civil Litigation). If the total amount owed is above 15000, there is the individual voluntary agreement that can be made to a court by which Steve and Anna can propose the method of making payments to the creditors. Based on this individual voluntary agreement, the court can call a meeting of the creditors where at least 75% of the creditors or their proxies must be present. If the offer of payment is agreeable to the creditors, then the proposals are accepted, and Steve and Anna have to honor their commitment (Bankruptcy). The individual voluntary agreement is made before bankruptcy. There is no mention of Steve and Anna's source of income other than Direct Wine Ltd. The individual voluntary agreement is ideal if Steve and Anna have some sources of income other than Direct Wine Ltd. Advice to Ellen Ellen has asked Anna and Steve to let her have a small advance from the trust fund to pay for a school trip. Ellen can avail of the fund if it is available depending on the actual amount required, under certain conditions. It does appear that Ellen has approached Steve surreptitiously for her requirement. Since Maud is alive, it is best to consult her for Ellen's requirement. It is not ethically sound for Steve to go ahead and be a privy to Ellen's requirement when the main trustee is alive. The money is there. It is only a question of proprietary (Establishing a Trust Fund). Advice to Quick Loans Ltd There is no information on the status of the loan repayments by Steve and Anna after having taken the loan of 100,000. Also, there is a balance amount of 50,000 lying in the loan account of Direct Wine Ltd. This could mean two things. One, it could mean that the equipment purchased did not amount to more than 50,000. Or it could mean that Steve and Anna have not honored the bank's advice to use the full amount on purchase of the equipment required by them. At any rate, even if Steve and Anna are regular in paying the loan installments, the bank must take cognizance of the fact that Steve and Anna have declared for insolvent liquidation. Quick Loans Ltd can start the process of recovering their loan amount by directly addressing Steve and Anna. They can join up with the rest of the creditors in due course. At this stage much depends on how Steve and Anna proceed to make repayment commitments. Having declared themselves as insolvent, Steve and Anna have the option to approach the courts for relief in case required. For the moment, Quick Loans Ltd are out on a limb. They must proceed carefully. It does appear that Steve and Anna mean to make payment. However, the payment amount may be initially

Quantitative Methods in Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management Research Paper

Quantitative Methods in Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management - Research Paper Example Following pattern based strategy, analyzing the current trends, forecast and other predictive models, it is absolutely necessary to ensure potentially significant changes and improvements are introduced in cargo transportation management. Appropriate decision making cycle is required today to meet tomorrow's market demands . The key drivers that will dominate the air cargo world in the years to come are its standards, security and seamless movement across borders. This study will highlight the initiatives driven by important governing bodies like IATA, TIACA, Cargo Committee, Cargo Executive Summit to achieve those very goals of optimization and superior standards of cargo management.Significant gains in productivity can be achieved through advanced and more efficient IT-support and improved software systems, as well as automated transportation and handling equipment. The primary objective of this study is to reflect a few challenges and to present new insights and successful solutio ns to operational problems of cargo systems and cargo management. It has to be a collective effort with focus on the state of the art, applications of quantitative methods, as well as simulation results backed by authorities like IATA, TIACA and others whose initiative are in the interest of the industry. Initiatives are mainly keeping the larger picture in mind, to accommodate globalization of logistics, process complexity, need for fore cast, cost control, operational performance, Air freight company objectives, industry landscape, enhanced technology to support optimization. 2. Overview - Air Cargo Facts from IATA: Air Cargo is a US$50 billion business that transports 35% of the value of goods traded internationally and a critical part of the airline business which, as a whole, is the US$490 billion heart of a value chain that supports 32 million jobs and US$3.5 trillion of economic activity. It is an important industry that is critical to global business. While IATA continues in its endeavour to improve Aviation industry's competitiveness by cutting airport charges, improving fuel efficiency and other initiatives, there is focussed approach as far as Cargo priorities are concerned. Their attempt to simplify the business is already delivering results. E-freight is a reality and their US$28 billion settlement system is the supply chain's financial backbone which will be discussed further in the below sections. Apart from E-freight, their priorities include Cargo Safety, Cargo Security, Cargo and Environment, CASS and agency programmes along with Cargo Standards. It is imperative, IATA's priorities in Cargo Management ideally is the basic outline based on which quantitative methods for Aerospace Cargo Transportation Management have to be developed and implemented. Before there is further detailing on quantitative methods, a quick glance at the key drivers of Cargo world and its potential impact on business are listed below: Reduce operating costs Maintain optimum levels of

Equity and Trust Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Equity and Trust - Case Study Example If the total amount owed is below 15000, then there is debt relief order (DRO) suitable for Steve and Anna, in case they do not own their own home. They can own car valued up to 1000, but not have other assets above 300. Their disposable income must also not exceed 50 a month (Bankruptcy). Steve owns a flat but he has transferred the freehold title of this flat to his son, Thomas' name. Nonetheless, in case the court sets aside this transfer, Steve will have to sell this flat to pay up his creditors (Civil Litigation). If the total amount owed is above 15000, there is the individual voluntary agreement that can be made to a court by which Steve and Anna can propose the method of making payments to the creditors. Based on this individual voluntary agreement, the court can call a meeting of the creditors where at least 75% of the creditors or their proxies must be present. If the offer of payment is agreeable to the creditors, then the proposals are accepted, and Steve and Anna have to honor their commitment (Bankruptcy). The individual voluntary agreement is made before bankruptcy. There is no mention of Steve and Anna's source of income other than Direct Wine Ltd. The individual voluntary agreement is ideal if Steve and Anna have some sources of income other than Direct Wine Ltd. Advice to Ellen Ellen has asked Anna and Steve to let her have a small advance from the trust fund to pay for a school trip. Ellen can avail of the fund if it is available depending on the actual amount required, under certain conditions. It does appear that Ellen has approached Steve surreptitiously for her requirement. Since Maud is alive, it is best to consult her for Ellen's requirement. It is not ethically sound for Steve to go ahead and be a privy to Ellen's requirement when the main trustee is alive. The money is there. It is only a question of proprietary (Establishing a Trust Fund). Advice to Quick Loans Ltd There is no information on the status of the loan repayments by Steve and Anna after having taken the loan of 100,000. Also, there is a balance amount of 50,000 lying in the loan account of Direct Wine Ltd. This could mean two things. One, it could mean that the equipment purchased did not amount to more than 50,000. Or it could mean that Steve and Anna have not honored the bank's advice to use the full amount on purchase of the equipment required by them. At any rate, even if Steve and Anna are regular in paying the loan installments, the bank must take cognizance of the fact that Steve and Anna have declared for insolvent liquidation. Quick Loans Ltd can start the process of recovering their loan amount by directly addressing Steve and Anna. They can join up with the rest of the creditors in due course. At this stage much depends on how Steve and Anna proceed to make repayment commitments. Having declared themselves as insolvent, Steve and Anna have the option to approach the courts for relief in case required. For the moment, Quick Loans Ltd are out on a limb. They must proceed carefully. It does appear that Steve and Anna mean to make payment. However, the payment amount may be initially

Those Silly Magazine Advice Essay Example for Free

Those Silly Magazine Advice Essay A man and his girlfriend were married. It was a large gathering. All of their friends and family came to witness the lovely ceremony and partake of the festivities and celebration. A few months later, the wife came to the husband with a proposal that they would read a magazine for couples, for their marriage to be strengthened. The next morning, they decided they would share each other’s listed annoyances. As the wife started reading her list, her husband was crying. When it was the man’s turn, the wife was touched because he don’t have anything in his list. In life, there are enough times when we are disappointed, depressed and annoyed. We don’t really have to go looking for them. We have a wonderful world that is full of beauty, light, and promise. Reference: Kong, Francis J. (2003). The Early Bird Catches the Worm but the Second Mouse Gets the Cheese: Those Silly Magazine Advice. Philippines: Success Options Inc. In a major university a professor of economics gave a tst to his class. The test had several sections of questions, each of which contained three categories. He instructed the students to choose one question from each section. The first category in each section was worth 50 points. The second category was not quite as hard as worth 4 points. The third category, the easiest, was worth only 30 points. When the students had taken the test and turned in the papers, the students who had chosen the hardest questions, or the 50-point questions, were given A’s. The students who had chosen the 40-point questions were given B’s, and those who chose the 30-point questions, or the easiest questions, were given C’s. Whether or not their answers were correct was not considered. The students were confused and asked the professor how he had graded the exam. The professor leaned back and with a smile explained, â€Å"I wasn’t testing your knowledge. I was testing your aim.† Reference: Kong, Francis J. (2003). The Early Bird Catches the Worm but the Second Mouse Gets the Cheese: Testing Your Aim. Philippines: Success Options Inc.

Kids And The Dangers Of Social Networking Media Essay

Kids And The Dangers Of Social Networking Media Essay Will you be my friend? That is where it starts. Weblogs, wikis, forums, instant messaging, and email are all social technologies that share information and have online community formation. Therefore, there is a big concern with social networking web sites and keeping our children safe. There are a lot of sites like Facebook and MySpace that have age requirements, but are easily bypassed and no way to verify. Facebook and MySpace can be fun and safe environment for children of any age, with the proper education, maturity level, and parental supervision. How do we keep our children out of social networking danger? Are you wondering if you should let your child have a Facebook account? Or, are you curious why someone would allow their kid to be on Facebook? Well, the Internet isnt innocent by any means. For Instance, there are stalkers, predators, rapists, and identity theft. On the other hand, there are nice things about MySpace and Facebook but they arent worth the risks, of the horri ble things that can happen if your child isnt careful. One big negative of Facebook is that it does create a safety risk. Children can encounter child predators, which has already happened to teens and children all over the world. Kids on Facebook could also be exposed to foul language, inappropriate adult talk and pictures, and R-rated content. In addition, they could become the victim of cyber-bullying, or become the bullies. According to Mozelle Thompson, Facebooks chief privacy adviser,  told the  Australian  Federal Parliaments cyber-safety committee: There are people who lie. There are people who are under 13 [accessing Facebook]. Facebook removes 20,000 people a day, people who are underage. He adds that dealing with underage users is something the site works on all the time. (Tan) In fact, the law provides some protection when it comes to children under the age of 13; it gives parents control over what information children can disclose. (Schaffhauser) To help protect children, there is the Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act, which requires parental consent before they can collect information and allows parents to view profiles. The Federal Trade Commission determines if the web site is directed toward children by the content and if they deem it is geared toward children, they must comply with The Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act. (COPPA) Another negative, is that children need to spend more time outside enjoying real life activities: hanging with their friends in the real world skating, playing ball, riding their bikes, and playing at the park. Hanging out in front of the computer is contributing to childhood obesity. Consequently, being a parent comes with the responsibility of protecting and ensuring that our children are safe. Parents use to tell their kids not to talk to strangers, not to take candy from strangers, not to open the door for strangers are all well and good but now we have to add, watch out for strangers on the Internet. This can be proven to be even more dangerous, if we dont monitor our children. Many kids on Facebook and MySpace post pictures, full name, addresses, and the school they attend and even cell phone numbers. Thus, all this information is easily accessible at the click of a button to anyone. These sites are providing child predators with the exact information they need to track down our kids, right at their own back yard. In Feb. 2009, MySpace identified 90,000 registered sex offenders with profiles on the site, while Facebook declined to reveal how many were present on its site. (ProCon)Social networking sites cant identify every sex offender. Therefore, parents can get software that can help monitor their children. Internet security firm Check Point released software that lets parents monitor their children on Facebook, it scans friends request and communications, and it alerts parents to certain words. Check Point vice president of consumer sales Bari Abdul said: Its about protecting your kids from the social threats out there, while still respecting their privacy and fostering open communication. We are offering Facebook users a simple way to embrace social networking safely. (Software) Check Point cited a survey indicating that 38 percent of teenagers have ignored requests from parents to be friends on Facebook, and that 16 percent of children have only done so as a condition of using the social network. However, some will argue, that with the proper adult guidance and monitoring, Facebook can be a safe and healthy place. Parents can set the account as private, and log in frequently to monitor their behavior. Or, they could even sit next to them and monitor them at all times while on the site. Also, there are some websites that have minimum age requirements to set up an account. MySpace, for example, requires users to be at least 14 years old, and the profiles of all users under the age of 16 are automatically set to private so they cannot be found during a general search. There some advantages of allowing a child to have a Facebook account. It helps them become acquainted with using the computer and todays technology. It can help children stay connected with their long-distance Grandma. They can get homework advice and can keep up with the happenings of other distant family. Also reported 50% of students with a social networking site, use it to discuss homework. (ProCon) In. addition, we can keep kids safe by letting them go on social network websites geared for children. Parents also hope that their children conduct themselves maturely online. While it is true, the newest problem with social networking is cyber bullying. While bullying certainly isnt a new, cyber bullying is not a trend that is going to disappear any time soon. As personal computers, cell phones, and the Internet become more popular, the opportunity for teens and preteens to pick on each other grow. Up to 34% of children have been bullied or harassed online, One in seven children aged between 8 and 17 years old say they have come across harmful or inap propriate material online, and 57% of parents are unsure where to get information to help protect their children while online. (Assualt) Furthermore, depression is also an issue with cyber bullying. Cyber-bullying can cause a child to feel totally trapped, because the bully can appear anywhere. For example, a cyber bully can post mean or taunting messages on a teens Facebook page for everyone to see. A bully can set up a web page, blog, or other online presence that is against a particular peer. This mental anguish can result in depression and even suicide. Children need to let parents or a teacher know if they are victims. Children tend not to let parents know for fear of losing their Facebook or MySpace privileges. (Depression) In truth, there is much debate among psychiatrist weather social networking is harmful to children. A psychiatrist at West London Mental Hospital by the name of Dr. Himanshu Tyagi, he believes that kids will find the real world boring, that everything happens much faster on the Internet. Also, those children are more vulnerable to impulsive behavior or even suicide. He thinks more research and investigations should be done on the subject. (Medical) Another study that was done reports that those who spend a large amount of time on social networking sites, including Facebook, were more likely to suffer from eating disorders. Teen girls that viewed unrealistic images of models were more likely to suffer from low self-esteem and develop conditions, such as bulimia and anorexia. Crash dieting was also common among adolescents who spent extended periods of time on social networking sites. (Researchers) Another study done by Ohio State University study back in 2009, says Facebook users had GPAs a full grade lower than non-users. On the other, hand author of Grown up Digital Don Tapscott is skeptical about the studys findings. He goes on to say: There isnt a shred of evidence that Facebook is bad for young people. On the contrary, its a wonderful thing that, with balance, helps them grow, helps their mental abilities develop and it should be encouraged. Following this further, the MacArthur Foundation also contradicts the idea held by many educators, parents and policymakers that children should be blocked from online social networks and video games like Halo, which allow users in different locations to play together. Instead, children should be encouraged to use the technologies to gain a certain level of digital literacy. (Macarthur) Above all, its important to be a part of your childs life. Its hard when they want their own lives, and their moods change by the minute. But you are still their parent and they are still children in many ways. Whether their behavior indicates it or not, they need you. Truly, parents need to also open the lines of communication between their kids. The truth, parents are the ones who pay for the computer and continue to pay for the Internet each month. Therefore, we have the absolute right to ask our child about their sites and have the right to see their MySpace and Facebook accounts. As a final point, MySpace and Facebook have changed society in many ways. Its a parental choice to allow their children on Facebook. While there are disadvantages, with the right parental control, it can be a positive experience for youth. Work Cited COPPA Childrens Online Privacy Protection. COPPA Childrens Online Privacy Protection. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 May 2011. http://www.coppa.org/comply.htm Pappas, Stephanie. Todays Kids Face Facebook Depression | AAP Report on Cyberbullying, Cybersafety and Sexting | Parenting and Social Media | LiveScience . Current News on Space, Animals, Technology, Health, Environment, Culture and History | LiveScience . N.p., 28 Mar. 2011. Web. 1 May 2011. http://www.livescience.com/13431-social-media-kids.html Schaffhauser, Dian. Teens Online Safety Improved by Education, Research Shows THE Journal. THE Journal: Technological Horizons in Education THE Journal. N.p., 25 Nov. 2008. Web. 1 May 2011.

The Great Depression Essay -- American History

The causes and far-reaching effects of The Great Depression are examined. Discussion includes its impact on both American cultures and nations around the world. The role of World War II and the New Deal in overcoming the Depression are explored. The Great Depression began in October 1929, when the stock market in the United States dropped rapidly. Thousands of investors lost all of their of money and were forced to live on the streets often going without food. This crash led into the Great Depression. The ensuing period of 10 years ranked as the worst period of high unemployment and low business activity in modern times. Banks, stores, and factories were closed and left millions of Americans jobless, homeless, and without food. Many people came to depend on the government or charity to provide them with food. The Depression became a worldwide business slump of the 1930's that affected almost all nations. It led to a sharp decline in world trade as each country tried to protect their own industries. The Depression led to political turmoil in many countries such as Germany where poor economic conditions helped lead to the rise of Hitler. Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President in 1932 and his 'new deal' reforms gave the go vernment more power and helped slow the depression. The Great Depression ended as nations increased their production of war materials at the start of World War II. This increased production provided jobs and put large amounts of money back into circulation. Several factors led to the great depression. One being the lack of diversification in the American economy. The prosperity of America had been basically dependent on a few industries like construction and the automobile and in the late 20's these industr... ...l deficit and Bennett cut back on government spending. A great burden on the country was Canadian National Railway, the government had to take over many railways and from that took in a debt of over two billion dollars. After seeing president Roosevelt's New Deal policy having good results in the U.S. Bennett introduced policies based on the New Deal. Bennett started up minimum wage and unemployment insurance. However Bennetts attempts to revive the economy were not nearly as successful as Roosevelt's. as a result the depression was worse in Canada than in the U.S., and this led to the defeat of Bennett in the 1935 election to liberal Mackenzie King. Like in the U.S. the Great Depression did not end until the outbreak of the second world war. A boost in the economy was created by a strong demand of Canadian goods in Europe and an increase of government spending.(ibid)

Alernatiove Ending to George Bernard Shaw´s Pygmalion Essay -- George

Alternative Ending to Pygmalion Act V After Higgins, confesses to his undying love for Eliza. Eliza decides to leave Higgins’s home because felt that it would only hurt Higgins more to have her stay another moment in his home because she did not share the same feelings for him. She now resides at the home of Mrs. Higgins. Mrs. Higgins’s drawing room. She is at her writing-table as before. The parlor-maid comes in. THE PARLOR MAID [at the door]: Mr. Henry, madam, is downstairs MRS. HIGGINS: Well, show him up. THE PARLOR-MAID: He’s using the telephone, madam, phoning the police, I think MRS.HIGGINS: What! THE PARLOR-MAID [coming further in and lowering her voice]: Mr. Henry is in a state, madam. I thought I’d better tell you. MRS. HIGGINS: If you had told me that Mr. Henry was not in a state it would have been more surprising. Tell them to come up when he’s finished with the police,. I suppose he’s lost something. THE PARLOR-MAID: yes, madam [going] MRS. HIGGINS: Go upstairs and tell Miss Doolittle that Mr. Henry is here. Please tell her that she mustn’t come down until I call for her. THE PARLOR-MAID: Yes, madam Higgins bursts in. he is, as the parlor-maid has said in a state. HIGGINS: Look here, mother; a terrible thing has happened. MRS. HIGGINS: Yes dear, Good-morning [He checks his impatience and kisses her, whilst the parlor-maid goes out]. What are you talking about? HIGGINS: Eliza has left me! MRS.HIGGINS: What did you do? You had to have frightened her!! HIGGINS: But I did what you told me to I told her how I felt about her†¦ MRS. HIGGINS: Oh my word, my son has taken words of advise from me†¦. HIGGINS: I told her how I felt about her; nevertheless she turned away from me and left in the middle of the night. She over heard the conversation between the Colonel and I and how I gloated on how I changed Eliza. MRS. HIGGINS: In that case Henry she had every right to leave. HIGGINS: But mother, I’ve never felt this way before. I’ve sent the police looking for her. MRS. HIGGINS: Now, what are the police going to do? HIGGINS: What they’re paid to do, their job. MRS. HIGGINS: Henry, she left because she wanted to. [Calls for the parlor-maid and signals her get Eliza HIGGINS [Without notice he rambles on]: I left my pride behind to tell her how I felt about her and how I have grow... ... HIGGINS: No I am not ELIZA: I am not your ginny pig anymore, go and experiment on another poor helpless young girl HIGGINS: Eliza please just give me a chance. ELIZA: I use to think I loved you†¦ HIGGINS: What! ELIZA: †¦but now I know that you were just using me as an experiment to gloat to your friends about. HIGGINS: Eliza, don’t say that ELIZA: It’s the truth, you wanted for your trophy, not the you love and would forever. HIGGINS: Stop with the stupidity and come home I love you and I want you to stay with me ELIZA: I can’t come home with you. HIGGINS: Why not Eliza? Eliza looks at Henry in silence and then looks away. Henry holds her by her elbows. ELIZA: Because†¦ HIGGINS: Because what? I love you isn’t that enough? ELIZA: No, because I don’t love you Henry Higgins looks at Eliza confused and speechless. ELIZA: I can’t marry you because I am marrying Eddie. HIGGINS: What!! ELIZA: And you can’t change my mind. Eliza exit the drawing room and leaves Henry standing there. Henry doesn’t know what to do but only to go home. He leaves the room and says goodbye to his mother. He feels ashamed and brokenhearted. The woman

Providing Care for Looked after Children

At the end of March 2011, there were 65,520 looked-after children and young people in England and therefore many professionals are needed to keep up a good quality of care for every single child who is to be looked after. The health and wellbeing of looked-after children and young people (their physical health, social, educational and emotional wellbeing), comes from their quality of life and/or care.Some looked-after children and young people have positive experiences in the care system and gain good emotional and physical health, do well in their education and go on to have good jobs and careers but the start to this is from the arrangements made in order to receive good quality care. It is the government or council’s responsibility to decide who looks after the child, where they will live and also how they are educated.It is important when choosing a carer for a child that they will perhaps have things in common or are at least not the complete opposites to each other as th at may lead to bad quality care and a low emotional well-being. If given the responsibility of looking after a child it is officially that carer’s job to provide a home for the child and protect and maintain the child. They are also responsible for disciplining the child, choosing and providing for the child’s education, agreeing to the child’s medical treatment, naming the child and agreeing to any change of name looking after the child’s property.Parents have to make sure that the child is supported financially. At the start of care proceedings, the council asks the family court to make a temporary court order, called an ‘interim care order’. If the court agrees, the council can take the child into care on a temporary basis. This can sometimes be for up to 8 weeks at first. After that, it can be renewed every 28 days. It can take up to a year for a court to decide what should happen to the child.Sometimes it can take even longer than this. During this time a social worker and other people will be trying to understand the reasons why the child may be at risk. They will also look at what can be done to keep them safe. They will talk to the parents and the child regularly. They may talk to other family members or friends about looking after the child if they can’t safely live at home. The parents might also get support and in many occasion the parent is often seen to first.The social worker will write a report for the court. These will outline what they think should happen to the child. Once all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing. The judge will look at the reports, and listen to everyone involved in the case, including the child, the parents, solicitors representing parents and children and the council social worker. The child will go back home if the judge decides that they’re safe. If not, the council will find them a new home.That may be with other members of their family, friends, a new family or children’s home. In care proceedings, a Children’s Guardian from Cafcass represents the rights and interests of the child. They spend time getting to know the child and their family before the hearing. The Children’s Guardian appoints a solicitor for the child, advises the court about what needs to be done before it can make a decision and writes a report for the court saying what would be best for the child – including the child’s wishes and feelings.The child, once in their new home will receive a care plan which includes how they will be educated. Most of the decisions about the child’s welfare will be taken by their social worker and foster carer (or residential care worker). The parent may also be involved depending on the circumstances. The social worker is responsible for making sure said child can achieve their potential when educated.

Reflection on Diversity Essay

I used to have a colleague in college who happens to be born into a royal family but was very humble and down to earth. She never wanted to be treated like the princess that she was and did everything possible to fit in and be like every normal student. Most people couldn’t stand her because they felt she was misusing her opportunity and others were jealous of her and as a result of this most people started to avoid her and criticize everything she did and tried to make her life miserable by playing pranks on her and calling her names but she never retaliated because she was different from the rest of us. Instead she treated everyone nicely even when they treated her bad. This made me sympathize with her because I couldn’t understand how some people can afford to dislike somebody else so much just because she was different in a good way. It made me realize that no matter how good we are and treat others well, we shouldn’t expect to be treated nicely by everyone e lse because at the end of the day, what really matters is that we have a clear conscience. From the article â€Å"To Be Asian in America†, when the Asians arrive America they began to realize that they are different. â€Å"Identities get challenged and they have to deal with what it means to be American or resident Alien†, says John Kuo Wei Tchen, the founding director of the A/P/A Studies Program and Institute at New York University. Some Asian Americans relied on assimilation (a process where some of the majority group’s cultural aspects are absorbed in such a manner that the home cultural aspects get lost or mitigated) as a means of blending in with American society as an attempt to escape anti-Asian sentiments that heightened during World War 11. â€Å"The question about how much they wanted to or did assimilate is a question of how much they were permitted to assimilate†, says Gary Okihiro, director of the center for the study of Ethnicity and Race and a professor of International and public affairs at Columbia University. Today, ties to home remain strong for new Asian immigrants; however , many families  experience acculturation- the process of assimilating new ideas into an existing cognitive structure – with U.S.- born generations. â€Å"Parents would like to think their children are going to be very embracive and very welcoming of their of the parents’ own culture†, says Franklin Ng, a professor in the anthropology department of California state University – Fresno. â€Å"Parents may have these kinds of supportive mechanisms, encouraging them to go to a temple, or ethnic church, so their children will become familiar with their ethnic culture but the youth are having their own trajectory. Looking at Social Class: The fiction of Meritocracy, The most popular measures of class are income and wealth. It is also measured by educational achievement and occupational prestige. Classism results from prejudices based on false assumptions. Despite widely held perceptions, social class mobility in the United States is far from fluid. Those born with few resources face serious obstacles in their efforts to achieve higher economic and social status. Those born into privilege are given a head start in life with many extra boosts along the way. Once it is recognized that merit has only a small role in determining one’s place on the social ladder, the foundation of classroom crumbles. References Harvey, C. P., & Allard, M. J. (2012). Understanding and managing diversity: Readings, cases, and exercises (5th ed.). Upper saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Devry University (2014). Week 3 Lecture: Identity and Difference SOCS-350N. Retrieved from www.devry.net

A Little Bit of Truth Essay Essay Example for Free

A Little Bit of Truth Essay Essay ? For a week, six days in a row I went snowboarding. It was then that I thought where did the snow come from. At first I thought of â€Å"god† but of course there were no gods there are only spirits! So later on that day I thought of a weird and crazy Native American story. It had a little bit of truth with some personifications and a weird and crazy reason for why things were. So this is it. When the world was created the sheep said to their mother cow, â€Å"Why is there always rain we want something warmer†? The big, fat, and ugly mother cow snorted with her big partly abomination snout. Then she spoke with her vampire teeth that scared everyone including her (when she looked in the mirror). â€Å"You want something other than my humble and awesome rain†? she paused for a second thinking about her next statement, and then she finally said â€Å"OK I’ll give you snow† and now this is why sheep love snow. But this isn’t the end, yet there is more to come. Instead of being really mean the mother cow didn’t just punish her kid sheep, she created a short summer and fall and spring this was only because inside she had a pigs heart including the cows heart and that is why the snow melts and arrives. My theory is very reasonable and that is why you should believe in this also the wind god told me this while I was on the mountain. In conclusion my theory has truth and the wind got told me I wasn’t crazy, so you have to believe. A Little Bit of Truth Essay. (2016, Dec 09).

Module Title- Journalism and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Module Title- Journalism and Society - Essay Example The increasing contentious role of journalism is a major concern and therefore, we would be studying the role and impact of news media in the wider interest of the public. It is true that media, in all formats, exerts powerful influence. It is therefore, not surprising that in the last thirty years, number of ownership has been reduced to just 9 major media conglomerates (Bagdikian) who now own all the major media outlets which include TV, newspaper, radio, publishing houses and movie production houses. Since Media has the power to change public perception, news channels mostly have different channels for domestic and international audience and as per the coverage, content and the authenticity of the news, the media often gains an enviable status and popularity among the masses. The pressure on the journalists to conform to the diktats of the management has intensified. Richard Keeble has asserted that ‘In the face of the enormous cultural, ideological and financial power of the dominant media and their hierarchically organised management structures, it is not surprising that isolated journalists (driven by their consciences) feel impotent to effect change’. (2005, p58). Looking through the last two decade of media evolution, one finds that the democratic and conscientious approach towards various issues that so characterized the media in earlier years, has gradually turned towards capitalistic values. Initially, media served as a link between the community and the government. The newspapers and radio made conscious effort to raise the problems and issues which directly affected the community and their welfare. It acted as the watchdog of the public and made sure that the government adhered to policies and plans best suited for national and regional development. Gradually all that changed and the various media like newspaper and publishers, radio, TV network, motion picture etc. gravitated

Analysis the Current Economic Crisis Term Paper

Analysis the Current Economic Crisis - Term Paper Example America had been the epicenter of scientific and engineering innovation throughout the 20 century. While the Civil War triggered off the entrepreneurial spirit in America and witnessed technological and scientific advancement in the 20th century, the period of five decades after the Civil War witnessed a virtual explosion of industrial growth. Additionally, the scale of the war convinced people about the viability of developing organizations of national scale. This belief, coupled with industrial growth, led to the development of gigantic business organizations. This period also witnessed the growth of nationwide transportation systems, like transnational railway lines and steamships and communication systems, like telephone and telegraph networks. These developments transformed the American economy from a loose collection of city/state based economy to a truly unified and synchronized economy. This unification led to a period of robust growth of the economy and drove the consumption of society. (Kornblith G.J., 2004) As discussed before, America in the pre-civil war era was essentially a loose collection of local economies. Agricultural was the most important employment generating sector and local communities were more or less self-dependent. However, agriculture, due to its inherent dependence on nature, offered an uncertain and often underpaid economic system. The advent of the Industrial revolution led to explosive growth in demand for skilled as well as unskilled laborers. Unlike agriculture, an industrial job offered more stability and sometimes, higher wages. This led to a massive flow of labor from agriculture to the industrial sector. This internal migration led to the rapid growth of existing cities and the development of new cities. This massive urbanization led to the evolution of an entirely different kind of society - a society that had a relatively stable income and surplus cash but was totally dependent on the larger economy for its basic needs. Â  

OHS Safety Management System National Implementation Project Research Paper

OHS Safety Management System National Implementation Project - Research Paper Example Through communications management, project information will be generated, collected, transmitted as well as stored. Project risk management will ensure identification, analysis, and response to risks arising when implementing the project. Procurement management will entail procuring or acquiring goods as well as services for a project from external performing companies. The Project Management Institute describes the project management as the utilization of skills, knowledge, techniques, as well as tools to the activities of the project in order to meet the requirements of the project (41). This shows that those involved in managing a project have to strive to meet the expectations and needs of the people affected or involved by the activities of the project (Sai Global Limited). The main elements of this framework are the project management areas and project stakeholders. The stakeholders are the people affected or involved in the activities and encompass project team, project sponso r, users, support staff, suppliers, customers, and also project opponents. The implementation of a national safety management system will take place in four phases which will be used as an outline for evaluating the effectiveness of project implementation. Phase one will involve planning of OHS national Safety management system. Phase two will focus on reactive safety management processes. The third phase will focus on predictive and proactive safety management processes whereas the fourth phase will focus on operational safety assurance. This phased approach to implementing a national safety management system is a clear-cut process. It is evident that complex projects in management of projects are best progressed through breaking down... The paper tells that the Project Management Institute describes the project management as the utilization of skills, knowledge, techniques, as well as tools to the activities of the project in order to meet the requirements of the project. This shows that those involved in managing a project have to strive to meet the expectations and needs of the people affected or involved by the activities of the project. The main elements of this framework are the project management areas and project stakeholders. The stakeholders are the people affected or involved in the activities and encompass project team, project sponsor, users, support staff, suppliers, customers, and also project opponents. The implementation of a national safety management system will take place in four phases which will be used as an outline for evaluating the effectiveness of project implementation. Phase one will involve planning of OHS national Safety management system. Phase two will focus on reactive safety managem ent processes. The third phase will focus on predictive and proactive safety management processes whereas the fourth phase will focus on operational safety assurance. This phased approach to implementing a national safety management system is a clear-cut process. It is evident that complex projects in management of projects are best progressed through breaking down the entire intricacy of the task at hand into smaller and controllable subcomponents of the entire task. This will allow for smaller or partial resources allotment to complete activities subsets.

History at Great Zimbabwe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History at Great Zimbabwe - Essay Example However, I should say, Beach's presentation of early civilization and how the Great Zimbabwe started in the 16th century dealt with deeper level of understanding. Based on the theories and studies, the author is stating that the Great Zimbabwe is politically static community showing generational dynastic activities. The Author used Huffman's archaeological study on Portuguese documents using the "Shona" as oral traditions and the Venda Anthropology to explain well the mysterious developments on Great Zimbabwe. These traditions were based on the early ruins of the civilization and the modern Shona cultures to clearly explain the connections, evidences and origins of how it started. Mutapa Oral Traditions were also brought up as the author believed that it is where state formation came from and manifested for three centuries giving details on different socio-political plans of the Great Zimbabwe. It was then also considering that Mutapas lived on the high house wherein seen to be the "rulers" of the early civilization. "Snakes" and "Birds" were cited by the author referring on different geographical representation of people within the community and the hierarchy of the so-called "rulers". Though, presented with inconsistencies on each arguments still "oral traditions" has been a reliable assumptions on Great Zimbabwe over the 600 years. "The Great Enclosure" was used to state the

The Future World System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Future World System - Essay Example According to realists, anarchy and polarity are the two types of systems dominant on the globe today. Anarchy refers to a situation in which the state holds the ultimate power and authority. Polarity is concerned with the number of sates that exercise power over other states in the international arena states (Haas 235). The liberals are of the thought that the international system is anarchical in which individual states act out of self-interest in an effort to preserve their sovereignty (Haas 55). On their part, radicals view the international system as being characterized by stratifications pitting the haves and the have-nots against one another (Haas 251). This stratification is brought about by the availability of resources in individual states, whereby the states with a lot of resource exercise power over those with limited resources. Constructivists differ with the other theorist by asserting that international relations are not characterized by material resources, but rather by social norms (Haas 235). Polarity is a type of international relations system that is advanced by realists who argue that international politics are controlled by a certain number of states where power is concentrated, allowing these states to exert power over inferior states (Arreguin-Toft & Mingst 243). As such, there exist three forms of polarity that exist in international relations. A unipolar system is characterized by a situation in which a single state has absolute power over international politics. Currently, the United States is considered the most powerful state in the world, meaning that the international arena is unipolar. When two rival states are fairly equal and exercise the same level of influence over international affairs, then the international system is considered as bipolar. A perfect example of a bipolar system is the state of affairs after World War II which set the United States against the Soviet Union during the Cold War. In a multipolar

Operation Managenent Essay Example for Free

Operation Managenent Essay After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Define the term operations management. 2. Identify the three major functional areas of organizations and describe how they interrelate. 3. Identify similarities and differences between production and service operations. 4. Describe the operations function and the nature of the operations managers job. 5. Summarize the two major aspects of process management. 6. Explain the key aspects of operations management decision making. Briefly describe the historical evolution of operations management. . Characterize current trends in business that impact operations management. Chapter 2 Competitiveness, Strategy, and Productivity After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. List the three primary ways that business organizations compete. Explain five reasons for the poor competitiveness of some companies. Define the term strategy and explain why strategy is important. Discuss and compare organization strategy and operations strategy, and explain why it is important to link the two. 5. Describe and give examples of time-based strategies. 6. Define the term productivity and explain why it is important to organizations and to countries. 7. Provide some of the reasons for poor productivity and some ways of improving it. Chapter 3 Forecasting: 1. List the elements of a good forecast. 2. Outline the steps in the forecasting process. 3. Evaluate at least three qualitative forecasting techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of each. 4. Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative approaches to forecasting. 5. Describe averaging techniques, trend and seasonal techniques, and regression analysis, and solve typical problems. Explain three measures of forecast accuracy. 7. Compare two ways of evaluating and controlling forecasts. 8. Assess the major factors and trade-offs to consider when choosing a forecasting technique. Chapter 4 – Product and Service Design: 1. Explain the strategic importance of product and service design. 2. Identify some key reasons for design or redesign. 3. Recognize the key questions of product and service design. 4. List some of the main sources of design ideas. 5. Discuss the importance of legal, ethical, and sustainability considerations in product and service design. 6. Explain the purpose and goal of life cycle assessment. 7. Explain the phrase the 3 Rs. 8. Briefly describe the phases in product design and development. 9. Name several key issues in manufacturing design. 10. Recognize several key issues in service design. 11. Name the phases in service design. 12. List the characteristics of well-designed service systems. 13. Assess some of the challenges of service design. Chapter 5 Strategic Capacity Planning for Products and Services: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Summarize the importance of capacity planning. Discuss ways of defining and measuring capacity. Describe the determinants of effective capacity. Discuss the major considerations related to developing capacity alternatives. Briefly describe approaches that are useful for evaluating capacity alternatives. Chapter 6 Process Selection and Facility Layout: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Explain the strategic importance of process selection. Describe the influence that process selection has on an organization. Compare the basic processing types. Explain the need for management of technology. List some reasons for redesign of layouts. Describe the basic layout types, and the main advantages and disadvantages of each. Chapter 7- Work Design and Measurement: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Explain the importance of work design. Compare and contrast the two basic approaches to job design. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of specialization. Explain the term knowledge-based pay. Explain the purpose of methods analysis and describe how methods studies are performed. 6. Compare four commonly used techniques for motion study. 7. Discuss the impact of working conditions on job design. 8. Define a standard time. 9. Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations. 10. Describe work sampling and perform calculations. Compare stopwatch time study and work sampling. 12. Contrast time and output pay systems. Chapter 8 Location Planning and Analysis: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Identify some of the main reasons organizations need to make location decisions. Explain why location decisions are important. Discuss the options that are available for location decisions. Give examples of the major factors that affect location decisions. Outline the decision process for making these kinds of decisions. Chapter 9 – Management of Quality: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services. Explain why quality is important and the consequences of poor quality. Identify the determinants of quality. Distinguish the costs associated with quality. Compare the quality awards. Discuss the philosophies of quality gurus. Describe TQM. Give an overview of process improvement. Describe and use various quality tools. Chapter 10 – Quality Control: 1. List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. 2. Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process, and the concepts that underlie their use. Chapter 11 Aggregate Planning and Master Scheduling: 1. Explain what aggregate planning is and how it is useful. 2. Identify the variables decision makers have to work with in aggregate planning and some of the possible strategies they can use. 3. Describe some of the graphical and quantitative techniques planners use. 4. Describe the master scheduling process and explain its importance. Chapter 12 – MRP and ERP: 1. Describe the conditions under which MRP is most appropriate. 2. Describe the inputs, outputs, and nature of MRP processing. 3. Explain how requirements in a master production schedule are translated into material requirements for lower-level items. Discuss the benefits and requirements of MRP. 5. Explain how an MRP system is useful in capacity requirements planning. 6. Outline the potential benefits and some of the difficulties users have encountered with MRP. 7. Describe MRP II and its benefits. 8. Describe ERP, what it provides, and its hidden costs. Chapter 13 – Inventory Management: 1. Define the term inventory, list the major reasons for holding inventories, and list the main requirements for effective inventory management. 2. Discuss the nature and importance of service inventories. 3. Explain periodic and perpetual review systems. 4. Explain the objectives of inventory management. 5. Describe the A-B-C approach and explain how it is useful. 6. Describe the basic EOQ model and its assumptions. 7. Describe reorder point models. 8. Describe situations in which the singleperiod model would be appropriate. Chapter 14 – JIT and Lean Operations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Explain what is meant by the term lean operations system. List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance. List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean. Identify the benefits of a lean system. Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system. 6. Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system. 7. Describe value stream mapping. Chapter 15 – Supply Chain Management 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Discuss the key issues of supply chain management. Name the recent trends in supply chain management. Summarize the motivations and risks of outsourcing as a strategy. State some of the complexities that are involved with global supply chains. List some of the strategic, tactical, and operational responsibilities of supply chain management. Give examples of some advantages of e-business. Explain the importance of supplier partnerships. List the requirements of an effective supply chain. Name some of the challenges in creating an effective supply chain. Chapter 16 Scheduling 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Explain what scheduling involves and the importance of good scheduling. Describe scheduling needs in high-volume and intermediate-volume systems. Describe scheduling needs in job shops. Use and interpret Gantt charts, and use the assignment method for loading. Give examples of commonly used priority rules. Summarize some of the unique problems encountered in service systems, and describe some of the approaches used for scheduling service systems. Chapter 17 – Project Management: 1. Discuss the behavioral aspects of projects in terms of project personnel and the project manager. 2. Explain the nature and importance of a work breakdown structure in project management. 3. Give a general description of PERT/CPM techniques. 4. Construct simple network diagrams. 5. List the kinds of information that a PERT or CPM analysis can provide. 6. Describe activity crashing and solve typical problems. Management of Waiting Lines After ompleting this chapter, you should be familiar with waiting line terminology, be able to solve typical problems using the models presented in this chapter, and answer these questions: 1. Describe what imbalance does the existence of a waiting line reveal? 2. Explain what causes waiting lines to form, and why is it impossible to eliminate them completely? 3. Describe what metrics are used to help managers analyze waiting lines? 4. Explain what are some psychological approaches to managing waiting lines, and why might a manager want to use them? 5. Explain what very important lesson does the constant service time model provide for managers?